The very thin layer surrounding the cell and is made of protein and fat is called the Plasma membrane. It is called a selectively permeable membrane because it allows certain chemicals, proteins, and molecules to enter and exit the cells. It controls what can enter and what cannot enter the cells.
The plasma membrane separates cytoplasm from the inside of the cell to its outside. It allows the cytoplasm to do different activities independently.
It allows water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen to let it pass, however, other ions such as sodium and potassium are restricted in their permeability.
What are the primary components of the plasma membrane?
Proteins, lipids, and Carbohydrates are the main components of the plasma membrane.
Let us know in detail about each: –
Proteins:
- Structural proteins help cells stay strong and keep their shape.
- Transport proteins that are round-shaped ones, help molecules move through cell membranes.
- Glycoproteins have a sugar chain attached to them.
Lipids or Fats:
- Phospholipids: These are glycerol molecules with one or two fatty acids and an extra polar group.
- Cholesterol: Cholesterol molecules are scattered in specific places among the phospholipids.
Glycolipids: These are fats with a sugar chain attached and are found on the outer part of cell membranes.